Targhib dan Tarhib dalam Kitab Al-Targhīb wal-Tarhīb karya Imam al-Mundzirī sebagai Strategi Motivasi Pendidikan

Abstract

This study aims to examine the concepts of targhib (motivation through promises and encouragement) and tarhib (motivation through warnings and deterrence) in the Hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as motivational strategies in education. The research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach through library research, analyzing thematic hadiths related to exhortations and prohibitions in the context of learning and character development. The findings reveal that targhib and tarhib represent a balanced educational method between positive affective reinforcement and negative behavioral control, both rooted in the psychology of motivation in Islam. The Prophet’s Hadiths demonstrate targhib through promises of reward, honor, and Allah’s love for righteous deeds, while tarhib functions to foster moral awareness and responsibility through warnings about the consequences of sinful acts. From the perspective of educational psychology, this concept aligns with theories of reinforcement and behavior modification, yet it is more comprehensive as it emphasizes spiritual and moral dimensions. The implementation of targhib-tarhib in modern education can serve as an effective strategy to build students’ intrinsic motivation, enhance discipline, and strengthen their religious and emotional character.