Free Nutritious Meal Policy from the Perspective of Fiqh Siyasah: An Analysis of Public Welfare and State Responsibility

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the MBG policy from the perspective of fiqh siyasah, focusing on public maslahah and state responsibility, while identifying gaps between policy ideals and implementation realities. This research employs a qualitative normative-descriptive approach with library research method, using content analysis techniques with deductive and inductive approaches. Primary sources include classical and contemporary fiqh siyasah literature, as well as official government regulations, while secondary sources consist of scientific journals, academic books, and relevant policy documents. The findings reveal that conceptually, the MBG policy has a strong foundation in fiqh siyasah, particularly in siyasah dusturiyah, tanfidziyah, and maliyah, as well as in maqashid syariah, especially the protection of life (hifzh al-nafs) and lineage (hifzh al-nasl). However, significant gaps remain between ideal objectives and field realities, reflected in issues of target inaccuracy, substandard nutritional quality, budget constraints, weak coordination, and limited human resource capacity. This research contributes theoretically to the development of fiqh siyasah studies in the context of food policy and state responsibility, and practically serves as evaluation material for the government to formulate more effective MBG policies, while enriching academic literature on the relationship between Islamic law and public policy in Indonesia.